Power quality refers to the stability and consistency of electrical power supplied to equipment.It is important for electrical systems and devices to function properly, and it is measured in terms of stability of voltage, frequency, and waveform. Commonly voltage and current waveforms should be pure sinewave, Power usage should be at Unity Power factor and should not contain any harmonics.

Poor power quality, particularly issues like low power factor, harmonics, and voltage fluctuations, can significantly increase your electricity bill by causing your equipment to draw more power than necessary to perform the same function, leading to higher energy consumption and potentially increased demand charges on your utility (Electricity) bill;essentially, you are paying for more power than you are actually using effectively.

True RMS" stands for "True Root Mean Square," which is a method of measuring the effective value of an alternating current (AC) waveform, especially when the waveform is not a perfect sine wave,"RMS" simply means "Root Mean Square" and is used for calculating the effective value of a more ideal sinusoidal waveform.Essentially, a True RMS value accurately represents complex, distorted waveforms while a standard RMS value might not, which can impact your power bill by providing a more accurate reading of your actual power usage, especially when dealing with devices that create non-sinusoidal waveforms (containing harmonics) by modern electronics equipment and variable speed drives.

A Power Factor Controller (PFC) is a device or circuit designed to improve the power factor of an electrical system by actively managing the reactive power, essentially aligning the current and voltage waveforms to draw closer to a "unity" power factor (1.0), which results in more efficient use of electricity and can lead to lower utility bills for consumers. Typical PFC manages lagging Power Factor (of Inductive Load) by switching compensating capacitors in circuit is steps.

Power Factor Controller (PFC) manages lagging power factor by switching compensating capacitors in electrical circuit, while StaticVAr Generator (SVG) generates compensating current to maintain load current in phase with voltage. (VAr – Reactive Power)

Harmonics can have several effects on a power system, including: · Equipment damage: Harmonics can cause equipment to overheat and potentially be damaged. · Increased costs: Harmonics can lead to higher subscription (Power Demand) costs because they can require a higher subscribed power level (Contract Demand). · Reduced power factor: Harmonics can lower the actual power factor. · Energy losses: Harmonics can cause additional losses in conductors and equipment. · Reduced device lifespan: Elevated operating temperatures caused by harmonics can reduce the lifespan of many devices. · Disrupted device operation: Harmonics can disrupt the normal operation of devices. · Logic faults: Harmonics can cause logic faults in digital devices. · Thermal tripping: Harmonics can cause thermal tripping of protective devices.

Harmonics in Power System in general are the frequencies other than Power Frequency (Fundamental Frequency e.g. 50 Hz) introduced by load. In Power Systems harmonics generated by load are taken care of by 1. Passive Harmonic Filters and 2. Active Harmonic Filters Passive Harmonic filters are filters consisting combination of Resistors, Inductors and Capacitors designed to filter out (suppress or bypass) desired harmonics. These Passive filters consume comparatively large amount of power. Quite large in size. Less effective and costly. Active Harmonic Filters inject current in power line to eliminate harmonic currents on real time basis and clean out the harmonics to restore Power at Fundamental Frequency. Use of active Electronic devices make it more effective, reduced size and affordable cost. Power consumed by filter itself is much low compared with Passive Filters.